How to edit your writing: tips to perfect your journal article 

Editing plays a significant role in improving the quality of your journal article and builds the bridge between the first draft and a submission-ready manuscript.

You might picture grammatical corrections when you think of editing, but this process also improves the clarity, coherence, and accuracy of your writing. Editing allows authors to critique their ideas, refine their arguments, and address the weaker aspects of their manuscript. In this blog post, we share tips and advice from on how to edit your journal article and what to consider when doing so. 

Why bother? The power of editing

“Most of the time, our first draft is for ourselves”, says A. Foster. “We write what we have been thinking about most, which means the article reflects our questions, our knowledge, and our interests. A round or two of editing and refining before submission to the journal is valuable.”

H. Broman advises that editing can help your article be accepted and save time in the long run. “Editing does yourself a favour by minimizing distractions, annoyances, or cosmetic points that a reviewer can criticize. Why give reviewers things to criticize when you can eliminate them by submitting a carefully prepared manuscript?”

Editing, copyediting, or proofreading? Understanding the difference

Editing, copyediting, and proofreading are distinct stages in preparing written content. Editing improves the overall content, structure, and clarity, ensuring the writing communicates its message effectively. Copyediting is often provided by most journals and focuses on grammar, punctuation, spelling, and consistency, correcting errors and adhering to a style guide. Proofreading is the final review, checking for minor errors, typos, and formatting issues to ensure the text is polished and error-free before publication. 

It’s important to note the difference specifically between editing and proofreading. An author should edit a journal article early on to improve content and clarity. Proofreading should be done at the final stage to catch minor errors and ensure the manuscript is polished before submission. 

Editing tools and services

Consider having your manuscript professionally edited before submission, especially if English is not your first language. This step, while optional, can help ensure your paper’s content is clearly understood by editors and reviewers. A newer development, AI tools for language editing are becoming more widespread—our survey of more than 2,000 researchers showed that 38% had used AI to help with editing. Popular tools like Microsoft Word Editor and Turnitin Revision Assistant can help authors enhance the readability and quality of their manuscripts before submission. However, as the landscape around AI and its technical capabilities continues to evolve, many publishers are introducing guidelines and restrictions about the use of AI tools. Check your chosen publisher’s or journal’s policy before proceeding.

Refining your writing: Questions to ask yourself

Is your writing clear and easy to understand? 

Clarity is essential, to make sure that you are communicating your ideas effectively. E. Franco’s advice is to “wait 2-3 days and then reread your draft. You will be surprised to see how many passages in your great paper are too complicated and inscrutable even for you. And you wrote it!”

Do you repeat yourself?

Eliminate redundancy. It detracts from your point and dilutes the impact of your argument. It can be tempting to use wordy language to seem more professional or to lengthen your papers, but this can obscure messages and undermine objectivity. 

Is your writing style consistent? 

Maintaining a uniform style and format in your journal article enhances its presentation. Consistency in writing style and tone improves narrative understanding and ensures clear communication of your research. While style is crucial, striking a balance is key to keeping readers engaged without compromising accuracy. 

Could your argument be made more persuasive or could your key findings be emphasised? 

Strengthening your argument is crucial, as this can improve the persuasiveness of the article and enhances its credibility. 

Are your references and citations comprehensive and accurate? 

Have you proofread your article carefully? 

Attention to grammar, punctuation, and spelling reflects a commitment to excellence and professionalism. Whilst perfect written English is often not expected, typos throughout the manuscript are not a good reflection on you.

Is your data accurate and properly formatted? 

Verify the accuracy of all data and information presented in your article. If you have supplementary materials, such as datasets or additional figures, make sure these are organised as required by the journal. 

Does your chosen journal have formatting requirements?

Is your article the correct length? 

“Do not submit an article which is already at or above the word limit for articles in the journal. The review process rarely asks for cuts; usually, you will be asked to clarify or add material. If you are at the maximum word count in the initial submission, you then must cut something during the revision process.” – A. Foster 

Do you need a second opinion? 

It can be helpful to get feedback from a peer who isn’t a co-author. A peer represents a reader, and they can provide a different perspective as someone who is removed from the project. Accepting feedback can be difficult, but ultimately it can help to strengthen your writing. 

Do your edits all make sense together? 

With all your careful edits it can be easy to lose sight of the overall picture. Seth J. Schwartz recommends revisiting your planned outline to ensure that your additions, modifications, or deletions have not unintentionally changed your structure. 

Editing is an essential part of transforming your initial draft into a polished, submission-ready manuscript. By focusing on clarity, coherence, and accuracy, authors can enhance their arguments and ensure their research is effectively communicated.

Now it is time to review the journal and publisher’s submission guidelines thoroughly to ensure that your article adheres to their formatting requirements. See our list of essential checks for preparing your manuscript. 

_{Featured image by Suzy Hazelwood via Pexels. Public domain.}